FDTD

Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Method

BioElectromagnetics is the study of how electromagnetic fields interact with the body. Cell phones, overhead power lines, and implantable medical devices and sensors are some of the applications we have worked on.

FDTD Code Archive

Utah Man Model

Publications on FDTD:

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Khadijeh Masumnia-Bisheh, Cynthia Furse, "Variability in Specific Absorption Rate from Variation in Tissue Properties Download Variability in Specific Absorption Rate from Variation in Tissue Properties," accepted to the Journal of Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques, 2022, Print ISSN: 2379-8793 Online ISSN: 2379-8793 Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/JMMCT.2022.3216642 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9927358 Links to an external site.

Cynthia Furse, “How Allen Taflove’s Left-Handed FDTD Code Helped Revolutionize Bioelectromagnetics,” accepted to IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, Denver, July 10-15, 2022 Download Cynthia Furse, “How Allen Taflove’s Left-Handed FDTD Code Helped Revolutionize Bioelectromagnetics,” accepted to IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, Denver, July 10-15, 2022

Khadijeh Masumnia-Bisheh TUTORIAL on S-FDTD and GS-FDTD

https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?v=147876157439801&ref=watch_permalink Links to an external site.

 

Khadijeh Masumnia-Bisheh, Cynthia Furse, “Should SAR Guidelines Include Variability?,” IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, Singapore (and virtual), Dec. 4-10, 2021 Download Khadijeh Masumnia-Bisheh, Cynthia Furse, “Should SAR Guidelines Include Variability?,” IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, Singapore (and virtual), Dec. 4-10, 2021

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Download Khadijeh Bisheh-Masumnia, Cynthia Furse, "Bioelectromagnetic Uncertainty Analysis Using Geometrically Stochastic FDFD Method, accepted to IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2020

Github: https://github.com/Masumnia/GS-FDTD Links to an external site.

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Download Khadijeh Masumnia-Bisheh, Cynthia Furse, “Estimating the Variance of SAR in a 3D Human Head Model Using Stochastic FDTD,” IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting, Montreal (moved online), July 5-10, 2020

Estimating the Variance of SAR in a 3D Human Head Model Using Stochastic FDTD, IEEE APS 2020 Links to an external site.Estimating the Variance of SAR in a 3D Human Head Model Using Stochastic FDTD, IEEE APS 2020

 

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Download Steven Smith, Cynthia Furse, ’Stochastic FDTD for Analysis of Statistical Variation in Fields,’ IEEE Trans.Antennas and Propagation, Vol.60, No.7,pp. 3343 – 3350, 2013

Download S. Smith C.Furse, ‘A Stochastic FDTD Method for Statistically Varying Biological Tissues,’ 2011 IEEE AP-S International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC/CNC/URSI Meeting in Spokane, WA July 4-8, 2011

Steve Smith, Cynthia Furse, ‘Stochastic FDTD,’ Advances in FDTD Computational Electrodynamics: Photonics and Nanotechnology, Artech-House, 2013.  Allen Taflove, Ardavan Oskooi, & Steven G. Johnson, Editors

Download Khadijeh Masumnia-Bisheh, Keyvan Forooraghi, Mohsen Ghaffari-Miab, Cynthia Furse, “Geometrically Stochastic FDTD Method for Uncertainty Quantification of EM Fields and SAR in Biological Tissues,”  IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation. 67(12), 2019, pp. 7466-7475. DOI 10.1109/TAP.2019.2930171

Download Bach T. Nguyen, Cynthia Furse, Jamesina Simpson, ‘A 3-D Stochastic FDTD Model of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Magnetized Ionosphere Plasma,’ IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 63. No. 1, Jan. 2015, pp. 304-313

Signal Processing

Cynthia M. Furse, Om P. Gandhi, "Why the DFT is Faster than the FFT for FDTD Time-to-Frequency Domain Conversions," IEEE Microwave Theory and Guided Wave Letters, 5(10) October 1995, pp. 326-328 Download Cynthia M. Furse, Om P. Gandhi, "Why the DFT is Faster than the FFT for FDTD Time-to-Frequency Domain Conversions," IEEE Microwave Theory and Guided Wave Letters, 5(10) October 1995, pp. 326-328

Cynthia M. Furse, Om P. Gandhi, "A Memory Efficient Method of Computing Specific Absorption Rate in CW FDTD Simulations," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 43, No.5, May 1996, pp. 558-560

(INVITED PAPER) Cynthia Furse, "Faster than Fourier-- Ultra-Efficient Time-to-Frequency Domain Conversions for FDTD Simulations," Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 42, No.6, Dec. 2000, pp. 24-34 Download (INVITED PAPER) Cynthia Furse, "Faster than Fourier-- Ultra-Efficient Time-to-Frequency Domain Conversions for FDTD Simulations," Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 42, No.6, Dec. 2000, pp. 24-34

Cynthia M. Furse, Daniel H. Roper, Carl H. Durney, Douglas A. Christensen, "Treatment of DC Offsets in FDTD Simulations," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 48, No. 8, October 2000, pp. 1198-1208 Download Cynthia M. Furse, Daniel H. Roper, Carl H. Durney, Douglas A. Christensen, "Treatment of DC Offsets in FDTD Simulations," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 48, No. 8, October 2000, pp. 1198-1208

Cynthia Furse, Om P. Gandhi, "Calculation of Electric Fields and Currents Induced in a Millimeter-Resolution Human Model at 60 Hz Using the FDTD Method," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 19 No. 5, 1998, pp.293-299 Download Cynthia Furse, Om P. Gandhi, "Calculation of Electric Fields and Currents Induced in a Millimeter-Resolution Human Model at 60 Hz Using the FDTD Method," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 19 No. 5, 1998, pp.293-299

(AGeophysics

(INVITED PAPER) Cynthia M. Furse, David M. Johnson, Alan C. Tripp, " Application of the FDTD Method to Geophysical Simulations," Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Newsletter, March 1999

David Johnson, Cynthia Furse, Alan Tripp, "PML for FDTD Modeling of a Conductive Ore Deposit in a Lossy Dielectric," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 25, No.4, May 20, 2000, pp. 253-255

Alan Tripp, Richard McNeary, Cynthia Furse, "Prof. James Wait and Mining Production Technology -- An appreciation,", IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Sept. 2000, 48(9), pp. 1438-1441

David Johnson, Elena Cherkaev, Cynthia Furse, Alan Tripp, "Cross-Borehole Delineation of a Conductive Ore Deposit -- Experimental Design," Geophysics, May/June 2001

David Johnson, Cynthia Furse, Alan Tripp, " FDTD Modeling and Validation of EM Survey Tools," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Sept. 20, 2002


Endogenous Fields

Om P. Gandhi, Rodney A. Hart, Ding Wu , Xu B. Chen, Cynthia M. Furse, "Comparison of endogenous with exogenous electric fields and current densities induced in the human body by commonly encountered EMF sources: Power lines, hair dryers, and hair clippers”, Project abstracts: The Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields from the Generation, Delivery, and Use of Electricity, San Antonio, TX, Nov. 19-21, 1996, p. 26

 

PML

Cynthia Furse, Y.Cui, Gianluca Lazzi, Om Gandhi, "Use of PML Boundary Conditions for Wireless Telephone Simulations," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 15 No.2, 1997, pp. 95-98

Validation

Download Cynthia M. Furse, Q.S. Yu, Om P. Gandhi, “Validation of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method for Near Field Bioelectromagnetic Simulations”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 16, No.6, 1997, p. 341-345

 

Overview

(INVITED PAPER) Cynthia M. Furse, "Application of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method to Bioelectromagnetic Simulations," Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Newsletter, Jan. 1997

Plane Wave Exposures

Adam D. Tinniswood, Cynthia M. Furse, Om P. Gandhi, "Power Deposition in the Head and Neck of an Anatomically-Based Human Body Model for Plane Wave Exposures," Physics Med. Biology, 43(8), Aug. 1998, pp. 2361-2378

 

Mobile Phones

Om Gandhi, Gianluca Lazzi, Cynthia Furse, "Electromagnetic Absorption in the Human Head and Neck for Mobile Telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 44, No. 10, Part 2, Oct. 1996, pp. 1884-1897

Gianluca Lazzi, Satnam S. Pattnaik, Cynthia M. Furse, Om P. Gandhi, "Comparison of FDTD-Computed and Measured Radiation Patterns of Commercial Mobile Telephones in Presence of the Human Head," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, 46, No. 6, June 1998, pp.943-944

Adam D. Tinniswood, Cynthia M. Furse, Om P. Gandhi, "Computations of SAR Distributions or Two Anatomically-based Models of the Human Head using CAD Files of Commercial Telephones and the Parallelized FDTD Code," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1998, pp.829-833

 

(FD)2TD

Download Cynthia M. Furse, Jin-Yuan Chen, Om P. Gandhi, "Use of the Frequency-Dependent Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method for Induced Current and SAR Calculations for a Heterogeneous Model of the Human Body," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 36, No. 2, May 1994, pp.128-133

Download Om P. Gandhi, Cynthia M. Furse, "Currents Induced in the Human Body for Exposure to Ultrawideband Electromagnetic Pulses," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 39, No.2, May 1997, pp. 174-180

Cynthia M. Furse, Jin-Yuan Chen, Om P. Gandhi, "Frequency-Dependent Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method for Induced Current and SAR Calculations for a Heterogeneous Model of the Human Body," Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine, Martin Blank, Ed., San Francisco Press, 1993, pp. 575-577

Cynthia M. Furse, Satnam P. Mathur, Om P. Gandhi, "Improvements to the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method for Calculating Radar Cross Section of a Perfectly Conducting Target," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 38(7), July 1990, pp. 919-927.

Jin-Yuan Chen, Cynthia M. Furse, Om P. Gandhi, "A Simple Convolution Procedure for Calculating Currents Induced in the Human Body for Exposure to Electromagnetic Pulses," IEEE Transactions Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 42, No. 7, July 1994, pp. 1172-1175

Om P. Gandhi, Cynthia M. Furse, "Millimeter-resolution MRI-based models of the Human Body for Electromagnetic Dosimetry from ELF to Microwave Frequencies," Voxel Phantom Development: Proc. Of the International Workshop held at NRPB, July 1995, Peter Dimbylow, editor

 

Team Members:

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Dr. Cynthia Furse Links to an external site. Links to an external site.